Docker Command
Table of contents
docker container ps -adocker image ls -adocker image inspectdocker image rmdocker logindocker image pulldocker image tagdocker system prunedocker container commitdocker image historydocker container createdocker container startdocker container stopdocker container rundocker container attachdocker container cpdocker container rmdocker container diff
도커 컨테이너 실행을 위한 개념과 관련 명령어를 정리한다.
docker container ps -a
컨테이너는 프로세스이므로 ps 로 조회한다.
실시간 상태 조회 :
watch -n 1 docker container ps -a
docker image ls -a
이미지는 파일이므로 ls 로 조회한다.
root@docker1:~# docker image ls -a
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 16 months ago 231MB
root@docker1:~#
docker image inspect
이미지의 상세정보를 출력한다.
root@docker1:~# docker image inspect centos
[
{
"Id": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6",
"RepoTags": [
"centos:latest"
],
"RepoDigests": [
"centos@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177"
],
"Parent": "",
"Comment": "",
"Created": "2021-09-15T18:20:05.184694267Z",
"Container": "9bf8a9e2ddff4c0d76a587c40239679f29c863a967f23abf7a5babb6c2121bf1",
"ContainerConfig": {
"Hostname": "9bf8a9e2ddff",
"Domainname": "",
docker image rm
호스트에서 이미지를 삭제한다.
root@docker1:~# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 16 months ago 231MB
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker image rm centos
Untagged: centos:latest
Untagged: centos@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Deleted: sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6
Deleted: sha256:74ddd0ec08fa43d09f32636ba91a0a3053b02cb4627c35051aff89f853606b59
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
root@docker1:~#
// 사용하지 않는 이미지 일괄 삭제
root@docker1:~# docker image prune -a
WARNING! This will remove all images without at least one container associated to them.
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y
docker login
도커 레지스트리에 업로드를 하려면 docker login 명령을 통해 로그인해야 한다.
// 로그인
root@docker1:~# docker login
Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
Username: testuser
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# cat /root/.docker/config.json
{
"auths": {
"https://index.docker.io/v1/": {
"auth": "ABCDEFJXXXXXXjg1M0Bzag=="
}
}
}root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~#
// 로그 아웃
root@docker1:~# docker logout
Removing login credentials for https://index.docker.io/v1/
docker image pull
Docker Hub 등의 Docker Registry 로 부터 Docker 이미지를 다운로드한다.
root@docker1:~# docker image pull docker.io/library/busybox:latest
latest: Pulling from library/busybox
205dae5015e7: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:7b3ccabffc97de872a30dfd234fd972a66d247c8cfc69b0550f276481852627c
Status: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latest
docker.io/library/busybox:latest
docker image tag
이미지를 구분하기 위한 tag 를 새롭게 붙일 때 사용한다.
root@docker1:~# docker image ls -a
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
busybox latest 66ba00ad3de8 5 days ago 4.87MB
nginx latest 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
root@docker1:~#
// busybox 다운로드
root@docker1:~# docker image pull busybox
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/busybox
Digest: sha256:7b3ccabffc97de872a30dfd234fd972a66d247c8cfc69b0550f276481852627c
Status: Image is up to date for busybox:latest
docker.io/library/busybox:latest
root@docker1:~#
// testuser/box 의 1.0 으로 생성
root@docker1:~# docker image tag busybox testuser/box:1.0
root@docker1:~#
// nginx 다운로드
root@docker1:~# docker image pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
Digest: sha256:0047b729188a15da49380d9506d65959cce6d40291ccfb4e039f5dc7efd33286
Status: Image is up to date for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
root@docker1:~#
// testuser/web-server 1.0 태그로 생성
root@docker1:~# docker image tag nginx testuser/web-server:1.0
root@docker1:~#
// 생성됐는지 조회
// 원래 이미지와 생성한 이미지의 IMAGE ID 가 동일하다.
root@docker1:~# docker image ls -a
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
testuser/box 1.0 66ba00ad3de8 5 days ago 4.87MB
busybox latest 66ba00ad3de8 5 days ago 4.87MB
nginx latest 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
testuser/web-server 1.0 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
root@docker1:~#
Docker 레지스트리로부터
pull할 때는 로그인이 필요없으나push할 때는 로그인이 필요하다.
root@docker1:~# docker image push testuser/web-server:1.0
The push refers to repository [docker.io/testuser/web-server]
c72d75f45e5b: Mounted from library/nginx
9a0ef04f57f5: Mounted from library/nginx
d13aea24d2cb: Mounted from library/nginx
2b3eec357807: Mounted from library/nginx
2dadbc36c170: Mounted from library/nginx
8a70d251b653: Mounted from library/nginx
1.0: digest: sha256:9a821cadb1b13cb782ec66445325045b2213459008a41c72d8d87cde94b33c8c size: 1570
root@docker1:~#
도커 이미지가 아래와 같이 PUSH 된 것을 확인할 수 있다.
호스트에서 지운 후 Pull 하면 이미지가 다운로드 된 것을 확인할 수 있다.
root@docker1:~# docker image rm testuser/web-server:1.0
Untagged: testuser/web-server:1.0
Untagged: testuser/web-server@sha256:9a821cadb1b13cb782ec66445325045b2213459008a41c72d8d87cde94b33c8c
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
testuser/box 1.0 66ba00ad3de8 5 days ago 4.87MB
busybox latest 66ba00ad3de8 5 days ago 4.87MB
nginx latest 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker image pull testuser/web-server:1.0
1.0: Pulling from testuser/web-server
Digest: sha256:9a821cadb1b13cb782ec66445325045b2213459008a41c72d8d87cde94b33c8c
Status: Downloaded newer image for testuser/web-server:1.0
docker.io/testuser/web-server:1.0
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
testuser/box 1.0 66ba00ad3de8 5 days ago 4.87MB
busybox latest 66ba00ad3de8 5 days ago 4.87MB
testuser/web-server 1.0 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
nginx latest 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
root@docker1:~#
docker system prune
더 이상 사용하지 않는 이미지/컨테이너/네트워크를 일괄 삭제한다.
docker container commit
이미지 생성에는 두가지 방법이 있다.
docker container commit와 같이 컨테이너 상태를 기반으로 이미지를 생성하는 방법Dockerfile을 빌드(Build) 해서 생성하는 방법이 있다. 후자가 많이 쓰이는 방법이다.
[도커 이미지 생성의 2가지 방법 ]
// ubuntu 를 sample 컨테이너로 만든다.
root@docker1:~# docker run -it --name sample ubuntu
Unable to find image 'ubuntu:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
6e3729cf69e0: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:27cb6e6ccef575a4698b66f5de06c7ecd61589132d5a91d098f7f3f9285415a9
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest
root@8a80c4cde61e:/# apt-get update
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease [110 kB]
...
Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/main amd64 Packages [3520 B]
Fetched 25.1 MB in 1min 38s (257 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
root@8a80c4cde61e:/#
// 컨테이너에서 nginx 를 설치한다.
root@8a80c4cde61e:/# apt-get install -y nginx
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu-core iproute2 libatm1 libbpf0 libbrotli1 libbsd0 libcap2-bin
libdeflate0 libelf1 libexpat1 libfontconfig1 libfreetype6 libgd3 libicu70 libjbig0 libjpeg-turbo8
libjpeg8 libmaxminddb0 libmd0 libmnl0 libnginx-mod-http-geoip2 libnginx-mod-http-image-filter
libnginx-mod-http-xslt-filter libnginx-mod-mail libnginx-mod-stream libnginx-mod-stream-geoip2
libpam-cap libpng16-16 libtiff5 libwebp7 libx11-6 libx11-data libxau6 libxcb1 libxdmcp6 libxml2
libxpm4 libxslt1.1 libxtables12 nginx-common nginx-core ucf
Suggested packages:
Setting up nginx (1.18.0-6ubuntu14.3) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.1) ...
root@8a80c4cde61e:/# CTRL+PQ
// detach 모드로 전환
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# echo Hello world > index.html
root@docker1:~# docker container cp index.html sample:/var/www/html/index.html
// index.html 수정 후 sample 컨테이너를 testuser/web-nginx:1.0 이미지 생성
root@docker1:~# docker container commit -a "TESTUSER" -m "Customized image" sample testuser/web-nginx:1.0
sha256:6f10cf278ad2f4ba4017850c0ced7b77230671e613773bc46dd7822cbcccaba1
root@docker1:~#
// testuser/web-nginx 1.0 이미지 생성 확인
root@docker1:~# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
testuser/web-nginx 1.0 6f10cf278ad2 8 seconds ago 174MB
busybox latest 66ba00ad3de8 5 days ago 4.87MB
testuser/box 1.0 66ba00ad3de8 5 days ago 4.87MB
testuser/web-server 1.0 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
nginx latest 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
ubuntu latest 6b7dfa7e8fdb 4 weeks ago 77.8MB
root@docker1:~#
// 이미지 상세 확인 (Comment, Author)
root@docker1:~# docker image inspect testuser/web-nginx:1.0
[
{
"Id": "sha256:6f10cf278ad2f4ba4017850c0ced7b77230671e613773bc46dd7822cbcccaba1",
"RepoTags": [
"testuser/web-nginx:1.0"
"Comment": "Customized image",
"Created": "2023-01-09T14:06:44.617231726Z",
"DockerVersion": "20.10.22",
"Author": "TESTUSER",
| [##_Image | kage@da6tcx/btsjkiihTDb/zgfvyFqTXkcOQVUDunVck0/img.png | CDM | 1.3 | {“originWidth”:881,”originHeight”:130,”style”:”alignCenter”,”caption”:”도커 이미지 Push 상태 확인”,”filename”:”edited_blob”}_##] |
// 도커이미지에서 testuser/web-nginx:1.0 를 가져와 컨테이너를 생성한다.
root@docker1:~# docker container run -d --name web -p 8080:80 testuser/web-nginx:1.0 nginx -g 'daemon off; '
Unable to find image 'testuser/web-nginx:1.0' locally
1.0: Pulling from testuser/web-nginx
6e3729cf69e0: Already exists
7c9aaa2fac99: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:4150994823e51b64caa7b5ccdbb543703e776d519596562b02a9a127ffe770c0
Status: Downloaded newer image for testuser/web-nginx:1.0
dd4e6613c4cf4ada677b19c67cfb2656d2849d72410850a80a0d6c76cc4f35bb
// 가져온 이미지가 있다!!
root@docker1:~# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
testuser/web-nginx 1.0 6f10cf278ad2 23 minutes ago 174MB
testuser/box 1.0 66ba00ad3de8 5 days ago 4.87MB
busybox latest 66ba00ad3de8 5 days ago 4.87MB
testuser/web-server 1.0 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
nginx latest 1403e55ab369 2 weeks ago 142MB
ubuntu latest 6b7dfa7e8fdb 4 weeks ago 77.8MB
web 이란 이름의 컨테이너 생성확인
Every 1.0s: docker container ps -a docker1: Mon Jan 9 14:23:23 2023
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
dd4e6613c4cf testuser/web-nginx:1.0 "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 36 seconds ago Up 35 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp, :::8080->80/tcp web
8a80c4cde61e ubuntu "bash" 20 minutes ago Up 20 minutes sample
localhost:8080 접속 확인
| [##_Image | kage@bzUgM6/btsjkFYTbkU/8AzXGVzjQqZ50V21OfSdKK/img.png | CDM | 1.3 | {“originWidth”:675,”originHeight”:181,”style”:”alignLeft”}_##] |
docker image history
이미지를 생성할 때 어떤 명령이 실행됐는지 확인
root@docker1:~/labfile/dockerfile_dir# docker image history file00
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
5a0fa506014b 24 minutes ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:d1f4434c224263e4… 182B
b19bf7d0d6c5 24 minutes ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:93679052316aa8731… 60B
48bbcf3a8eb9 24 minutes ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD 622787ee69d99fd65381b7… 210kB
f5909d2eaad6 24 minutes ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:c849731474b116b7… 163kB
a9ad95733e3c 24 minutes ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:c849731474b116b74… 163kB
6b7dfa7e8fdb 4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["bash"] 0B
<missing> 4 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:481dd2da6de715252… 77.8MB
root@docker1:~/labfile/dockerfile_dir#
root@docker1:~/labfile/dockerfile_dir# docker image history file00 --no-trunc
IMAGE CREATED CREATE D BY SIZE COMMENT
sha256:5a0fa506014b34bacab3717be24c1351aff9ecab9e2368d9d1e3e7b7347ded77 24 minutes ago /bin/s h -c #(nop) COPY file:d1f4434c224263e494ca1d96889c7976f80fd60648af4bdcd9e8dcae32cbc46c in /test_d ir/ 182B
sha256:b19bf7d0d6c5ff52dc1086f5f58e9390bbe72c1c6f2e77d208bfd40321ddcebd 24 minutes ago /bin/s h -c #(nop) ADD file:93679052316aa8731d3a54bb37cece254064b24078712f99a20746f969b526cb in /test_di r/ 60B
sha256:48bbcf3a8eb99f0536f15ff731e412ae7aec8c94d4f411a81403cc3d0844f3b5 24 minutes ago /bin/s h -c #(nop) ADD 622787ee69d99fd65381b70cc87bbe47bdbe82213236bc5e33db771e6fa11228 in /test_dir/ 210kB
sha256:f5909d2eaad6bf5abf0693a7b00a034c091ae7120b58f0cce23f35faafdd560d 24 minutes ago /bin/s h -c #(nop) COPY file:c849731474b116b7485f4172a68fe1206ec51f0a405cfbf72a11d4eb3fb81fc6 in /test_d ir/copy.html 163kB
sha256:a9ad95733e3c3243ea1cc62669a88fb9e48defc9012039c385f49e503c84ad82 24 minutes ago /bin/s h -c #(nop) ADD file:c849731474b116b7485f4172a68fe1206ec51f0a405cfbf72a11d4eb3fb81fc6 in /test_di r/add.html 163kB
sha256:6b7dfa7e8fdbe18ad425dd965a1049d984f31cf0ad57fa6d5377cca355e65f03 4 weeks ago /bin/s h -c #(nop) CMD ["bash"] 0B
<missing> 4 weeks ago /bin/s h -c #(nop) ADD file:481dd2da6de71525248eba186feeeafcc73cc956ade0a196a4e8b0c2424e74b9 in / 77.8MB
--no-trunc : 전체 문자열 넣기
docker container create
컨테이너를 생성하고 자동으로 시작하지는 않는다.
root@docker1:~# docker container ps -a <-- 컨테이너는 프로세스이므로 ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
root@docker1:~# docker image ls -a <-- 이미지는 파일이므로 ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container create -it --name testos centos
unknown flag: --names
See 'docker container create --help'.
root@docker1:~# docker container create -it --name testos centos
Unable to find image 'centos:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/centos
a1d0c7532777: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
d2acdab7c45dc1cc2d273839f607bb2b24dfca153714360eb532a0237c56d093
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d2acdab7c45d centos "/bin/bash" 6 seconds ago Created testos
root@docker1:~# docker image ls -a
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 15 months ago 231MB
root@docker1:~#
docker container create -it --name testos centos
옵션 -i :interactive의미로 표준 입출력을 받을 수 있도록 한다. 컨테이너 내에 shell 같은 기능이 있을 경우 사용한다.
옵션 -t :tty의미로 컨테이너의 가상 터미널을 의미한다.
--name testos:testos라는 이름의 컨테이너명을 지정한다.
centos: 로컬 레포지토리에 이미지가 없으면, 기본은docker image에서 이미지를 pull 한다. 한 번 pull 한 이미지는 재사용이 가능하다.
docker container start
컨테이너를 시작한다.
root@docker1:~# docker container start -ai testos <-- 기존 생성했던 컨테이너
[root@d2acdab7c45d /]# ps -e <-- 컨테이너 내부로 들어옴.
PID TTY TIME CMD
1 pts/0 00:00:00 bash
14 pts/0 00:00:00 ps
[root@d2acdab7c45d /]# <-- ctrl+P+Q 단축키로 detach 모드로 전환(컨테이너 살아있음, exit 명령을 사용하면 bin/bash 종료되면서 컨테이너도 함께 종료된다.
[root@d2acdab7c45d /]# root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d2acdab7c45d centos "/bin/bash" 14 minutes ago Up About a minute testos
root@docker1:~#
옵션 -a :
attach의 의미로 해당 컨테이너 내부로 접근하는 것을 의미한다
docker container stop
컨테이너를 종료한다.
root@docker1:~# docker container stop testos
testos
root@docker1:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d2acdab7c45d centos "/bin/bash" 18 minutes ago Exited (0) 3 seconds ago testos
root@docker1:~#
docker container run
컨테이너를 시작하고(없으면 생성), COMMAND(PID=1 프로세스, 도커 엔진에 의해서 격리될 프로세스) 를 실행한다.
root@docker1:~# docker container run -it --name testos centos
[root@2b87afc91519 /]# ps -ef
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 1 0 0 06:39 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/bash
root 17 1 0 06:40 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
[root@2b87afc91519 /]# hostname
2b87afc91519
Detach 모드로 전환 후 생성한 컨테이너 조회한다.
[root@2b87afc91519 /]# root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2b87afc91519 centos "/bin/bash" 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes testos
root@docker1:~#
컨테이너를 생성 이후 시작할 때 COMMAND 를 임의로 정의할 수 있다.
root@docker1:~# docker container run -it --name testos1 centos /bin/date
Sun Jan 8 06:46:12 UTC 2023
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
cfd15085385b centos "/bin/date" 38 seconds ago Exited (0) 37 seconds ago testos1
2b87afc91519 centos "/bin/bash" 7 minutes ago Up 7 minutes testos
root@docker1:~#
여기서
/bin/date는 시작 후 바로 종료되는 프로세스이므로 해당 컨테이너는 종료된다. 다른 예로서 AI 계산에 이용되는 컨테이너가 될 수 있다.
-d (--detach) : 컨테이너 PID 1 번 프로세스를 백그라운드로 실행하기 위해서는 -d 옵션을 사용한다.
root@docker1:~# docker container run -d --name testos2 centos /bin/ping localhost
49301e70f50e8a954ec3974a5cfbd5fecee85ded760b38abbfeff385681acfdf
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container logs testos2 <-- 로그 파일이 아닌 1번의 출력 내용
PING localhost (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.072 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.051 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.064 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.102 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container exec -it testos2 /bin/bash <-- exec: 1번 프로세스 외의 추가 프로그램 실행
[root@49301e70f50e /]# ps -ef
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 1 0 0 06:58 ? 00:00:00 /bin/ping localhost
root 6 0 0 06:59 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/bash
root 19 6 0 06:59 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
[root@49301e70f50e /]#
[root@49301e70f50e /]# read escape sequence
root@docker1:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
49301e70f50e centos "/bin/ping localhost" About a minute ago Up About a minute testos2
cfd15085385b centos "/bin/date" 13 minutes ago Exited (0) 13 minutes ago testos1
2b87afc91519 centos "/bin/bash" 20 minutes ago Up 20 minutes testos
docker container attach
컨테이너 내부에 접근하여 PID 1 번 프로세스에 접근한다.
root@docker1:~# docker container run -it --name testos3 centos
[root@f1817a32d216 /]# root@docker1:~# <-- detach 모드로 변경
root@docker1:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f1817a32d216 centos "/bin/bash" 17 seconds ago Up 16 seconds testos3
49301e70f50e centos "/bin/ping localhost" 7 minutes ago Up 7 minutes testos2
cfd15085385b centos "/bin/date" 19 minutes ago Exited (0) 19 minutes ago testos1
2b87afc91519 centos "/bin/bash" 26 minutes ago Up 26 minutes testos
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container attach testos3 <-- testos3 의 컨테이너로 접근
[root@f1817a32d216 /]# ps -e
PID TTY TIME CMD
1 pts/0 00:00:00 bash
14 pts/0 00:00:00 ps
[root@f1817a32d216 /]#
docker container cp
컨테이너와 호스트 간의 파일을 복사할 수 있따.
root@docker1:~# docker container run -itd --name=testos5 centos
8133bc90c42bb60337c4c43bacac0dc081c3994710b2973d45b5fbd81283103f
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8133bc90c42b centos "/bin/bash" 8 seconds ago Up 7 seconds testos5
76cd9ce3f900 centos "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Exited (0) 2 minutes ago testos4
f1817a32d216 centos "/bin/bash" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes testos3
49301e70f50e centos "/bin/ping localhost" 12 minutes ago Up 12 minutes testos2
cfd15085385b centos "/bin/date" 24 minutes ago Exited (0) 24 minutes ago testos1
2b87afc91519 centos "/bin/bash" 31 minutes ago Up 31 minutes testos
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# echo "hello world.." > hostfile <-- 호스트에서 파일 생성
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container cp hostfile testos5:/containerfile <-- 호스트에서 컨테이너로 복사
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container exec testos5 ls -l /containerfile <-- 컨테이너에 접근 및 파일 조회
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14 Jan 8 07:11 /containerfile
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# ls -l containerfile
ls: cannot access 'containerfile': No such file or directory
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container cp testos5:/containerfile containerfile <-- 컨테이너에서 호스트로 파일 복사
root@docker1:~# ls -l containerfile <-- 호스트에 파일 조회
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14 Jan 8 07:11 containerfile
docker container rm
컨테이너 삭제할 수 있으며 강제 삭제의 경우에는 -f 옵션을 추가한다.
root@docker1:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8133bc90c42b centos "/bin/bash" 7 minutes ago Up 7 minutes testos5
76cd9ce3f900 centos "/bin/bash" 10 minutes ago Exited (0) 10 minutes ago testos4
f1817a32d216 centos "/bin/bash" 12 minutes ago Up 12 minutes testos3
49301e70f50e centos "/bin/ping localhost" 20 minutes ago Up 20 minutes testos2
cfd15085385b centos "/bin/date" 32 minutes ago Exited (0) 32 minutes ago testos1
2b87afc91519 centos "/bin/bash" 39 minutes ago Up 39 minutes testos
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container rm testos5 <-- 삭제
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 8133bc90c42bb60337c4c43bacac0dc081c3994710b2973d45b5fbd81283103f. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~# docker container rm -f testos5 <-- 강제 삭제
testos5
root@docker1:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
76cd9ce3f900 centos "/bin/bash" 10 minutes ago Exited (0) 10 minutes ago testos4
f1817a32d216 centos "/bin/bash" 13 minutes ago Up 13 minutes testos3
49301e70f50e centos "/bin/ping localhost" 21 minutes ago Up 21 minutes testos2
cfd15085385b centos "/bin/date" 33 minutes ago Exited (0) 33 minutes ago testos1
2b87afc91519 centos "/bin/bash" 39 minutes ago Up 39 minutes testos
root@docker1:~#
- 컨테이너 상태 실시간 조회
watch -n 1 docker container ps -a
Every 1.0s: docker container ps -a docker1: Sun Jan 8 07:31:20 2023
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
76cd9ce3f900 centos "/bin/bash" 22 minutes ago Exited (0) 8 minutes ago testos4
f1817a32d216 centos "/bin/bash" 25 minutes ago Up 25 minutes testos3
49301e70f50e centos "/bin/ping localhost" 33 minutes ago Up 33 minutes testos2
cfd15085385b centos "/bin/date" 45 minutes ago Exited (0) 45 minutes ago testos1
2b87afc91519 centos "/bin/bash" 51 minutes ago Up 51 minutes
- 이미 종료된 컨테이너들을 일괄 삭제
root@docker1:~# docker container prune
WARNING! This will remove all stopped containers.
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y
Deleted Containers:
76cd9ce3f9004b782084e9f0d54521e6db482f38a2d4d5dcde558a3bac19c789
cfd15085385b656c48a35c4f634984524bf98b406ff6f33d10a33b3d5b852f41
Total reclaimed space: 0B
root@docker1:~#
root@docker1:~#
# docker container rm -f $(docker container ps -aq): up, exited 모든 컨테이너를 일괄삭제
docker container diff
컨테이너 생성 시점부터 변경된 이력(파일 또는 디렉토리) 을 확인한다.
root@docker1:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
76cd9ce3f900 centos "/bin/bash" 14 minutes ago Exited (0) 3 seconds ago testos4
f1817a32d216 centos "/bin/bash" 17 minutes ago Up 17 minutes testos3
49301e70f50e centos "/bin/ping localhost" 24 minutes ago Up 24 minutes testos2
cfd15085385b centos "/bin/date" 36 minutes ago Exited (0) 36 minutes ago testos1
2b87afc91519 centos "/bin/bash" 43 minutes ago Up 43 minutes testos
root@docker1:~# docker container attach testos3 <-- testos3 에 접근
[root@f1817a32d216 /]#
[root@f1817a32d216 /]# useradd containeruser <-- user 추가
[root@f1817a32d216 /]# read escape sequence
root@docker1:~# docker container diff testos3 <-- 이력 조회
C /var
C /var/log
C /var/log/lastlog
C /var/spool
C /var/spool/mail
A /var/spool/mail/containeruser
C /home
A /home/containeruser
A /home/containeruser/.bashrc
A /home/containeruser/.bash_logout
A /home/containeruser/.bash_profile
C /etc
C /etc/group
C /etc/gshadow-
C /etc/passwd
C /etc/shadow
C /etc/passwd-
C /etc/group-
A /etc/subgid-
C /etc/subgid
C /etc/subuid
C /etc/shadow-
A /etc/subuid-
C /etc/gshadow
root@docker1:~#
C: Change,A: Add,D: Delete